• One of the hallmarks of the

  2019-09-18

  

  One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis is the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA that proceeds in a two-step manner: the DNA is initially cleaved into 50–300kb fragments and eventually into oligonucleosomal pieces [12], [13]. The two major apoptotic nucleases are DNA fragmentation f

• Orange spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides is a

  2019-09-18

  

  Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is a coral reef fish with a high commercial value in China and Southeast Asian countries. However, in recent years, various outbreaks of viral diseases have affected the grouper aquaculture industry (Wei et al., 2010). Specifically, Singapore grouper iri

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Understanding the charact

  2019-09-18

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Understanding the characteristics of the Amazonian Dark soils “Terras Pretas de Índio” (TPIs) is of ecological importance, because the TPI soils represent a residue-based model for tropical sustainable agriculture (Sombroek et al., 2003, Neves et al., 2003, Cohen-O

• 493 These findings further extend our knowledge of how

  2019-09-18

  

  These findings further extend our knowledge of how P4 and/or E2 can mediate anxiety and fear responses. Female rats in behavioral estrous and ovx rats administered systemic P4 and/or E2 demonstrated significantly less anxiety in the open field and/or elevated plus maze, compared to diestrous rats, a

• porcine Introduction Hematopoietic stem cells HSCs in the ad

  2019-09-18

  

  Introduction Hematopoietic stem porcine (HSCs) in the adult bone marrow (BM) provide all types of blood cells throughout life, while also self-renewing to maintain blood homeostasis. Blood/marrow stem cell transplantation is the most advanced method to cure patients suffering from hematological ma

• br Discussion Immune response to CMV

  2019-09-17

  

  Discussion Immune response to CMV is a series cell-mediated immune response initiated by innate innate NK cells, followed by adaptive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and humoral immunity by B cell [3]. Prior to transplant, measurement of humoral immune responses (CMV serology) of donor and recipient is com

• br Conclusions br Introduction Today

  2019-09-17

  

  Conclusions Introduction Today – just as for the past 50 years – the most commonly used repellent in the world is DEET (Fradin, 1998; Pickett et al., 2008). The active ingredient, N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide, is an oily synthetic substance applied topically to the skin in order to alter the host f

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-09-17

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Innate immunity plays an essential role in the control and elimination of bacterial infection through production of inflammatory cytokines (Liu et al., 2015). Production of inflammatory cytokines requires the recognition of bacterial pathogen-associa

• In all available E E structures

  2019-09-17

  

  In all available E2:E3 structures, the RING-type domain binds the E2 on a surface that is remote from the active site Cys (and therefore from the ubiquitin thioester) (Fig. 2). The non-contiguous E3-binding and active sites on the E2 imply that the role played by a RING to facilitate ubiquitin trans

• While apparent that His Artemis fractionated over

  2019-09-17

  

  While apparent that [His]6-Artemis fractionated over a HAP column is devoid of 5′–3′ exonuclease activity but still retains DNA-PK dependent hairpin-opening activity, we sought to further assess DNA-PK dependent Artemis overhang cleavage activity to ensure all the in vivo, intrinsic enzymatic activi

• In this review focusing on biocatalyst formate dehydrogenase

  2019-09-17

  

  In this review, focusing on biocatalyst “formate dehydrogenase FDH” catalyzing both of the formic Levcromakalim oxidation to CO2 and the CO2 reduction to formic acid, representative examples of properties, types, structure of active-site of FDH and, reaction mechanism of formic acid oxidation and C

• Collagen alignment can contribute to tissue stiffening Malik

  2019-09-17

  

  Collagen alignment can contribute to tissue stiffening (Malik et al., 2015, Paszek et al., 2005), and ECM stiffness in turn is a powerful activator of integrin function (Levental et al., 2009). These findings highlight the contribution of the mechanical properties of the ECM to signal transduction.

• As one of the two receptors for

  2019-09-17

  

  As one of the two receptors for the primordial chemokine CXCL12, ACKR3 exists in jawless fish (Bajoghli, 2013, Nomiyama et al., 2011, Venkatesh et al., 2014). The sea lamprey genome contains two copies of the ACKR3 gene (Ensembl Acc. Nos.: ENSPMAP00000011187 and ENSPMAP00000011401) (Table 1), both e

• The observed increase in Bdnf mRNA occurred h after treatmen

  2019-09-17

  

  The observed increase in Bdnf1 mRNA occurred 1 h after treatment indicates participation of BDNF in early plasticity and subsequently mnemonic processes. Most of the evidence regarding the importance of BDNF for memory formation derived from electrophysiological studies that utilized the molecular c

• ionomycin kinase Based on the above we hypothesized that a P

  2019-09-17

  

  Based on the above, we hypothesized that a PROTAC strategy would be effective to induce CK2 protein degradation. Herein reported is an approach for the preparation of novel PROTACs via “click reaction” for degradation of CK2 protein (Fig. 2). Importantly, “click reaction” is a very facile, selective

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