• V ATPases is a pH

  2018-11-08

  

  V-ATPases is a pH regulator in acidic subcellular compartments including the Golgi complex, vesicles, and lysosomes. Wnt3a secretion requires its binding to the carrier protein wntless (WLS) and Wls-dependent secretion of Wnt3a was shown to require vacuolar acidification (Coombs et al, 2010). In the

• Because SAPK mediates hyperosmolar stress induced Hand

  2018-11-08

  

  Because SAPK mediates hyperosmolar stress-induced Hand1 and Hand1-dependent PL1 (Awonuga et al., 2011), we tested whether stress-induced lineage choice during hypoxia was SAPK-dependent. Since hyperosmolar stress induces the first lineage but not later lineages from TSC (Liu et al., 2009), and SAPK

• Sustained constitutive activation of Notch signaling or

  2018-11-08

  

  Sustained, constitutive activation of Notch1 signaling or stimulation with the Jagged1 soluble ligand maintains long-term proliferation of cultured cardiomyocytes, delaying their differentiation into mature beating cells (Boni et al., 2008). This phenomenon should not be interpreted as cell dediffer

• br Resource table Resource details Loeys Dietz syndrome LDS

  2018-11-08

  

  Resource table Resource details Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder commonly caused by heterozygous mutations in the transforming growth factor beta receptors (TGFBR)-1 or TGFBR2 (Loeys et al., 2005, 2006). In the current study, peripheral blood mononuclear bepridil

• br Acknowledgments We thank all the

  2018-11-08

  

  Acknowledgments We thank all the members of Wagers laboratory and E. Gussoni and E. Dzierzak for helpful discussions. We also thank A. Wakabayashi, G. Buruzula and J. LaVecchio at Joslin/HSCI Flow Cytometry Core for excellent flow cytometry support, funded in part by NIHP30 DK036836. This work wa

• br The ethics of cell therapy Clearly

  2018-11-08

  

  The ethics of cell therapy Clearly then, cell therapy and regenerative medicine in general raise a number of ethical, economical and regulatory issues that were addressed in an ad hoc session. As a general introduction to this very complex landscape, John Harris (University of Manchester) took le

• br Materials and methods br Acknowledgements

  2018-11-08

  

  Materials and methods Acknowledgements This study was supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme through funding for the NEUROMICS network (F5-2012-305121 to L.S.), and the DZNE intersite project (grant to L.S.). We thank the patient for participation. Resource table. Reso

• br Materials methods The derivation and culturing

  2018-11-08

  

  Materials & methods The derivation and culturing conditions of hAT-MSCs are thoroughly described in Supplementary Materials and methods section, while details regarding hiPS lines generation and validation are described elsewhere (Kyrkou et al., in press). Results Discussion Human AT-MSCs

• The catenindependent Wnt signaling pathway is also important

  2018-11-08

  

  The β-catenindependent Wnt signaling pathway is also important in the modulation of cell proliferation, cell survival, and embryo development [74–76] and is also identified as a regulator of stem cell fate determination [77,78]. It was found that phosphorylation levels of c-Myc and β-catenin (target

• NPCs NSCs are commonly isolated by manually dissecting iPSC

  2018-11-08

  

  NPCs/NSCs are commonly isolated by manually dissecting iPSC-derived neural rosettes formed in neural induction medium. Rosettes are dissociated into single peptide yy or smaller clumps which are then cultured as floating neurospheres. Our results show that such an approach can enrich NSCs/NPCs from

• The numbers of GFAP NSCs did not return

  2018-11-08

  

  The numbers of GFAP+ NSCs did not return to control levels at even the longest survival times examined (approximately 1 month after AraC and GCV treatment). One possible explanation for this is that we simply did not wait long enough to observe the complete return to control values. Alternatively, t

• A recent study indicated that

  2018-11-08

  

  A recent study indicated that XIST expression can be lost upon prolonged passaging of female hiPSCs, referred to as “erosion of XCI” (Mekhoubad et al., 2012). This epigenetic erosion was found to be irreversible and correlated with a loss of differentiation characteristics and is very relevant for d

• PSA NCAM targeted cell sorting from neural rosettes allowed

  2018-11-08

  

  PSA-NCAM-targeted cell sorting from neural rosettes allowed an isolation of NCSC populations. Compared to the previously defined hPSC-derived NCSCs, p75+/HNK1+ cells, PSA-NCAM− T0901317 exhibited similar molecular characteristics and multipotentiality; i.e., both were able to generate ectodermal and

• Alternatively and our data support this as the most

  2018-11-08

  

  Alternatively, and our data support this as the most likely explanation, eYFP+ cells may arise from nestin expression by extant mature neurons. Nestin is an intermediate-sized cytoskeletal protein that is important for cell remodeling, particularly in developing and regenerating tissues. In the rode

• Here we addressed these problems by focusing on control

  2018-11-08

  

  Here we addressed these problems by focusing on control of the regional identity of PSC-derived neural progenitors and neurons. The developing neural tube is subdivided into distinct regions along the anteroposterior (A-P) and dorsoventral (D-V) axes, and each region produces a specific subtype of n

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