• Phosphoinositide kinase PI K Akt has been

  2024-04-15

  

  Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt has been well demonstrated in the protection of myocardial cell against IR injury via increasing cardiomyocyte survival, inhibiting excessive autophagy, et al. (Kong et al., 2016). The ezh2 inhibitor of ERK1/2 also involves in the regulation of cardiac myocyte s

• Another contributor for the G

  2024-04-15

  

  Another contributor for the G2/M arrest in A549 and H1299 cells might be p21WAF1/CIP1 which was up-regulated upon ovatodiolide treatment. p21WAF1/CIP1 is a common CDKs inhibitor which blocks AB1010 G2/M phase progression in various types of cancer cells (Kim et al., 2015, Liberio et al., 2015). It

• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br Introduction Si

  2024-04-15

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

• The association of male gender with increased atherosclerosi

  2024-04-15

  

  The association of male gender with increased atherosclerosis has stimulated interest in the role of androgen signalling in this condition. Androgens act (Fig. 2) by direct activation of androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor that acts as a ligand-regulated transcription factor (Gao et al., 2005

• br cDNA cloning gene structure

  2024-04-13

  

  cDNA cloning, gene structure and chromosomal localization The cDNA for the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase was first cloned from porcine leukocytes [9], and later from mouse [10], [11], rat [12], [13], bovine [14] and rabbit [15] sources. The cDNA for the platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase cDNA has b

• Epidermal growth factor EGF has

  2024-04-13

  

  Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to increase the 12S-lipoxygenase mRNA level by about two-fold in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells [71]. This enzyme was shown to be of the platelet-type and associated with the microsomal fraction of the cells [71], [72]. A requirement for EGF recept

• Moreover mice exposed to high cholesterol diet have

  2024-04-13

  

  Moreover, mice exposed to high-cholesterol diet have mildly activated astrocytes, increased expression of ApoE and aquaporin-4 in the hippocampus, and altered levels of proteins associated with Aβ metabolism (Chen et al., 2016), which is related to a higher demand for cholesterol transport and the n

• It has been reported that NLRP

  2024-04-13

  

  It has been reported that NLRP3 product, caspase-1, is increased in the brains of AD patients and experimental AD animals. NLRP3- and caspase-1-deficient animals are resistant to experimental development of AD, and have decreased IL-1β production and significantly increased Aβ clearance (Heneka et a

• CRT 0066101 receptor So far many independent studies have li

  2024-04-13

  

  So far, many independent studies have linked cholesterol metabolism–related genes with AD, either by showing associations with specific polymorphisms or with differential CRT 0066101 receptor levels (Beecham et al., 2014, Blain and Poirier, 2004, Lambert et al., 2009, Lambert et al., 2013, Leduc et

• br Adenosine receptors and innate

  2024-04-13

  

  Adenosine receptors and innate immunity Monocytes and macrophages. All four adenosine receptor subtypes are expressed on monocytes and macrophages, and their levels and function undergo significant changes during the maturation of macrophages from monocytes. Indeed, quiescent monocytes are charac

• It is worth mentioning that

  2024-04-13

  

  It is worth mentioning that cordycepin, as an adenosine analogue, is structurally similar to adenosine. A previous study has shown that the anti-apoptotic effects of cordycepin are partially dependent on the activation of A1R [16], and cordycepin increases theta waves power density via nonspecific

• Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that

  2024-04-13

  

  Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays pivotal roles in different physiological and pathophysiological processes by triggering specific cell-surface receptors both in the 974 and in the periphery. The adenosine receptors (ARs) are four different subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors (GP

• For both the hydroxylation and lyase

  2024-04-13

  

  For both, the 17α-hydroxylation and 17, 20-lyase reactions, the heme iron center of P450 17A1 receives electron reducing equivalents from CPR. Both reactions require one pair of electrons and molecular oxygen for the conversion of the substrate into product in each catalytic cycle. However, the 17,2

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Cancer is the leading

  2024-04-13

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in the United States for those between the ages of 40–79 years, surpassing heart diseases by more than 100,000 deaths [1]. The cause of most cancer subtypes remains idiopathic and may arise out of ‘bad luck’ among otherwise

• The original Aurora kinase was identified during a

  2024-04-13

  

  The original Aurora kinase was identified during a phenotypic screen for defects in mitotic spindles in Drosophila mutants. Aurora mutants were so named because of the morphological defects at the mitotic spindle resembling the Aurora borealis, or the Northern light [4]. The structure of the Auroras

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