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br Introduction Marijuana remains the
2022-04-22

Introduction Marijuana remains the most widely used illegal drug (Murray et al., 2007), and its validated targets include plasma membrane cannabinoid receptors, many of which are found in the central nervous system. The diverse physiological effects produced by marijuana and cannabinoid ligands s
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We also noticed that acetic acid
2022-04-22

We also noticed that acetic acid by itself (used to induce pain) increased spinal cord levels of KYNA (see Fig. 5). The most rational explanation of this finding is based on the possibility that acetic acid and KYNA share the same transport systems and the finding is therefore not surprising. Altho
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In addition to redox stress nutritional intake
2022-04-22

In addition to redox stress, nutritional intake plays a key role in modulating energy metabolism. DIO animal models are commonly used to study altered metabolic changes consequential to fat storage within various fat pads. In general, diets containing >40% high-fat lard, milk, and butter promote exc
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Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Korea
2022-04-22

Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (KK1703-G00, KK1707-C05, SI1707-02, KK-1607-C09, and SKO1707C05) and a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Kor
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Cichlasoma dimerus as most teleost fish species present neur
2022-04-22

Cichlasoma dimerus, as most teleost fish species, present neurons expressing GnRH3 (Pandolfi et al., 2005). As in most darolutamide species, the neurons expressing GnRH3 are mainly located in the NOR, although few neurons were detected in the olfactory bulb, ventral telencephalon and the POA (Gonzá
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The aim of our study
2022-04-22

The aim of our study was to investigate the polymorphisms of RAGE and glyoxalase I gene and sRAGE serum levels in patients with pathological pregnancy trying to describe the genetic background of pathological pregnancy or to find a new biochemical marker (sRAGE) of these pathological states in pregn
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Terbinafine br Materials and methods br
2022-04-22

Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusion A new label-free targeted methodology using two-step fractionation coupled with conventional microflow LC-MS/MS was developed and validated to profile 54 selected clinically relevant human plasma glycoproteins. The developed method has
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Petrat et al could show that even
2022-04-22

Petrat et al. could show, that even a low dosage of 10-mg/kg glycine (133 μmol/kg) has a beneficial effect on the small intestine after I/R. In regard to glycine, β-alanine has a clearly higher EC50 to the GlyR and activates the receptor with an efficiency of only 34.6%.16, 17 Therefore, it can be c
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Heterocysts provide the required microoxic environment for
2022-04-22

Heterocysts provide the required microoxic environment for the oxygen-sensitive N2-fixing nitrogenase enzyme complex. This environment is formed during heterocyst development. Developing heterocysts inactivate photosystem II and degrade antenna pigments, thereby decreasing oxygenic photosynthesis (F
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Introduction Histamine was generally accepted as
2022-04-22

Introduction Histamine was generally accepted as a neurotransmitter in 1984, when histamine was first identified to be located in tuberomamillary nucleus (TM) of the brain (Watanabe et al., 1984). In mammals, histaminergic neurons play an important role in regulating multiple physiological activiti
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In conclusion we demonstrated that the atypical
2022-04-22

In conclusion, we demonstrated that the atypical high-basal activity of the mGlu3 Nanaomycin A results mostly from its activation by low ambient glutamate concentrations. This is due to a unique interaction network located in the extracellular domain of the mGlu3 receptor. This network acts as “Cl−
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The findings in this study may represent an example of
2022-04-21

The findings in this study may represent an example of a more general phenomenon, namely that the exquisite specificity of the G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological actions of the hexokinase inhibitor family hormones in mammals may have arisen relatively late in evolution. In n
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Cartilage and subchondral bone synovial
2022-04-21

Cartilage and subchondral bone/synovial tissue interactions are well-recognized features of joint failure and osteoarthritis[17](seeFig. 1A, B). The intimate mechanical and biological interactions between these tissues are likely to alter the structural organization and function of either tissue. Ho
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The gene structures of cGalR and cGalR L were determined
2022-04-21

The gene structures of cGalR2 and cGalR2-L were determined by in silico comparison with the chicken genomic DNA sequences retrieved from the Ensembl database. Both cGalR2 and cGalR2-L genes are composed of two coding exons, separated by single introns of 0.9kb (cGalR2) or 3kb (cGalR2-L) locating wit
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After initial optimization of the distances
2022-04-21

After initial optimization of the distances we obtained the structure iG shown schematically in Fig. 1. This is the telomeric fragment of chromosome with the noncanonical structures of i-motif and G-quadruplex placed symmetrically in the middle of the duplex. Obviously, we consider the situation whe
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