• Tourette s syndrome TS is a neurobehavioral

  2021-09-26

  

  Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by chronic motor and vocal tics. The histaminergic system appears to be implicated in the pathophysiology of TS because H3R up-regulation has been observed in the striatum of HDC knock-out animal models (Rapanelli et al., 2017; Rap

• The nuclear repressor BACH is

  2021-09-26

  

  The nuclear repressor BACH1 is known to control HO-1 expression together with the transcriptional activator NRF2. The results of our study show that HO-1 gene expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages is primarily regulated via BACH1. This idea is supported by a series of experimental evidence demons

• Interestingly myorelaxation and the stimulation of cGMP

  2021-09-24

  

  Interestingly, myorelaxation and the stimulation of cGMP production are properties also reported for sGC stimulators, such as YC-1 and BAY 41–2272 (i.e., indazole compounds that were discovered in the 1990s) [35]. They relax aortic ring contractions induced by phenylephrine, and their effects are si

• The action of niacin in

  2021-09-24

  

  The action of niacin in upregulating cAMP is most likely determined by the milieu of adenylyl cyclase isoforms expressed in macrophages that are responsive to GPR109A activation. Several adenylyl cyclase isoforms, namely AC2, AC4 and AC7, are responsive to the stimulatory action of Gβγ G-protein sub

• Apart from a few mutations which affect

  2021-09-24

  

  Apart from a few mutations, which affect intracellular and extracellular loops of hCRT-1, the mutations are primarily found in the hydrophobic core of the transporter; in fact, TMDs 7 and 8 appear to be a hot spot for mutations (Freissmuth et al., 2018). Several mutations are found at positions, whi

• The classical genomic effects of GR come about through

  2021-09-24

  

  The classical genomic effects of GR come about through ligand-bound GR homodimerizing in the nucleus and via direct binding to GREs on the target genes, bringing about transcriptional activation or repression. Examples of target genes up-regulated by activated GR include genes encoding β2-adrenergic

• A breakthrough in the understanding of the

  2021-09-24

  

  A breakthrough in the understanding of the unique properties of GPX4-downregulation-induced cell death was accomplished when Seiler et al. in 2008 demonstrated the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX), a polyunsaturated fatty Rosiglitazone receptor metabolizing enzyme [92], in the execution of GP

• FDP is considered as key intermediate in the isoprenoid bios

  2021-09-24

  

  FDP is considered as key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway, since it is the common precursor of polyisoprene units and farnesylated proteins (Cao et al., 2012). In order to understand the role of FDP gene in rubber-producing plants it is of critical importance to Hydroxysafflor yel

• p neurotrophin receptor p NTR or CD a

  2021-09-23

  

  p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR or CD271), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been implicated in several steps of glioma tumorgenesis [5]. p75NTR mediates glioma invasion and progression through γ-secretase-dependent and -independent mechanisms [6], [7], and its expres

• The dramatically reduced expression of CFTR in human colorec

  2021-09-23

  

  The dramatically reduced expression of CFTR in human colorectal cancer tissues identified herein is consistent with our previous findings using human breast cancer tissues, prostate cancer tissues, and colon cancer tissues, and suggests that the loss of CFTR is likely a general phenomenon in epithel

• Glycogen synthase kinase GSK a serine threonine kinase

  2021-09-23

  

  Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), a serine/threonine kinase, has been confirmed to be involved in some biological processes in NaCl or wound-treated plants (Chen et al., 2003, Hai et al., 2001, Jonak et al., 2000). NO has been recently recognized as a vital signaling compound in plants. The NO don

• Little is known about the

  2021-09-23

  

  Little is known about the role of GPR35 in physiology and pathology. Using GPR35 knockout and wild-type mice showed that GPR35 activation by KYNA improves energy metabolism and inflammation, while demonstrated that GPR35 plays an important role in the development of angiotensin II-induced hypertensi

• br Signaling pathways activated by pulsatile GnRH In the pit

  2021-09-23

  

  Signaling pathways activated by pulsatile GnRH In the pituitary, GnRH acts by binding to the G protein-coupled GnRHR on the cell surface of the gonadotrope, inducing interaction of the receptor with heterotrimeric G proteins and catalyzing GTP-GDP exchange on the G protein α subunit (Lambert, 200

• troglitazone br Acknowledgment br Introduction Positive and

  2021-09-23

  

  Acknowledgment Introduction Positive and negative reinforcement are known as the two pivotal components in various models of drug dependence. Compulsive drug seeking behavior results from both the euphoric effects of drug use (positive reinforcement) and the unpleasant withdrawal signs followi

• br Xenobiotics and the Glucocorticoid Receptor br Conclusion

  2021-09-23

  

  Xenobiotics and the Glucocorticoid Receptor Conclusion Transparency document Acknowledgements The author wishes to thank Professor Wilhelm Engström from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health) for his proof reading

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